The short version
- Typical system here: 7 – 9 kW, about $17,500 – $31,500 before incentives.
- Serving utility: Madison Gas & Electric.
- Export credit: Retail-rate net metering.
- Production: about 1,150 – 1,450 kWh a year per kW installed.
| Peak sun hours per day | 4.0 – 4.8 |
|---|---|
| Annual kWh per kW installed | 1,150 – 1,450 |
| Typical system size | 7 – 9 kW |
| Residential rates | around 14–18¢ per kWh |
| Export credit regime | Retail-rate net metering |
| Serving utility | Madison Gas & Electric |
Why the utility matters more than the city
Madison Gas & Electric sets your export credit, your fixed monthly charges and your interconnection process. Two identical roofs on either side of a service-territory boundary can have quite different payback for that reason alone, which is why a quote built on a statewide average is worth less than one built on your actual tariff.
Exported power is credited at or near the retail rate, so a kilowatt-hour sent to the grid offsets a kilowatt-hour drawn from it. This is the most favourable arrangement for solar, and it makes the economics mostly a question of system size versus consumption rather than of timing.
Because export credit tracks the retail rate, when you export matters much less here than it does under a net-billing regime. Batteries are a resilience purchase in this environment more than an economic one.
What a system costs in Madison
Pricing here sits within the national band of $2.50–$3.50 per watt before incentives, so a typical 7 – 9 kW system lands around $17,500 – $31,500. Labour rates, permitting fees and whether your electrical panel needs upgrading move that figure more than the panel brand does — the full breakdown is in what solar panels cost.
When it does not pay here
- A roof with under about ten years left. Replacing it later means paying to remove and reinstall the array.
- Heavy shade for much of the day — micro-inverters help at the margin, they do not manufacture sunlight.
- A bill under roughly $80 a month. There is not enough there to offset.
- Moving within about five years. You will likely recover some of it in the sale price, not reliably all of it.
More on that in what to watch for in a solar quote and roof age and solar.
Common questions about solar in Madison
How much do solar panels cost in Madison?
A typical Madison home needs about 7 – 9 kW, which lands around $17,500 – $31,500 before incentives at the $2.50–$3.50 per watt most US homeowners see. Your roof, your consumption and whether you need a panel upgrade move that more than the equipment brand does.
Which utility serves Madison?
Madison Gas & Electric serves most of Madison. That matters more than the state does: your export credit, your fixed charges and your interconnection process all come from the utility, not from Wisconsin as a whole. Confirm your own account before sizing anything.
How much sun does Madison get?
Around 4.0 – 4.8 peak sun hours a day, which works out to roughly 1,150 – 1,450 kWh a year for every kilowatt installed after normal system losses.
Is solar worth it in Madison?
Wisconsin runs retail net metering and residential rates here are around 14–18¢ per kWh. That makes it a reasonable proposition for a home with an unshaded roof and a bill above roughly $100 a month, and a poor one for a small bill or a heavily shaded roof.
General information for Madison homeowners, not financial, tax or engineering advice. Figures are planning ranges. Utility service territories and export tariffs change — confirm yours against your bill and your utility's current tariff before relying on any of it.